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Programming Language Demand Index

Ranked by active job listings across data engineering, backend, AI and web roles. See which languages employers are hiring for right now and how demand is shifting week over week.

How this data works

Languages tracked

Across data, backend, AI and web

Active listings

5,356

Currently indexed across all languages

Top language

Python

1,337 active listings

Data cadence

Weekly

New snapshots from active job postings

All languages — ranked by job demand

#1Data, AI and Backend

Python

The dominant language for data engineering, machine learning and scripting

Active listings

1,337

7-day trend

-189

#2Data and Analytics

SQL

The universal language of data — querying, transforming and analysing structured data

Active listings

1,016

7-day trend

-104

#3Backend and Data

Java

Enterprise backend and data platform language — Spark, Kafka and Flink run on the JVM

Active listings

674

7-day trend

-80

#4Frontend and Full Stack

TypeScript

Typed superset of JavaScript used across the full stack

Active listings

481

7-day trend

-37

#5Frontend and Full Stack

JavaScript

The language of the web — frontend, backend and tooling

Active listings

378

7-day trend

-3

#6Backend and DevOps

High-performance backend services, CLIs and infrastructure tooling

Active listings

250

7-day trend

-114

#7Backend and Mobile

Kotlin

Modern JVM language used in Android and backend services

Active listings

240

7-day trend

-33

#8Systems and ML

C++

High-performance systems code — ML inference engines and embedded systems

Active listings

218

7-day trend

-35

#9Data and Backend

Scala

JVM language powering Apache Spark and Kafka Streams

Active listings

172

7-day trend

-9

#10Backend and Enterprise

.NET ecosystem for enterprise backends and cloud services

Active listings

172

7-day trend

-19

#11Web Backend

Ruby

Expressive backend language — Ruby on Rails and data scripting

Active listings

149

7-day trend

-19

#12Systems and Infrastructure

Rust

Memory-safe systems programming — increasingly used in data tools like Polars and Delta-rs

Active listings

117

7-day trend

-8

#13DevOps and Automation

Bash / Shell

Shell scripting for automation, CI/CD pipelines and data workflows

Active listings

7-day trend

-25

#14Mobile and Apple

Swift

Apple platform development — iOS, macOS and server-side Swift

Active listings

7-day trend

-3

#15Web Backend

PHP

Server-side web development — powers a large share of the web

Active listings

7-day trend

#16Data Science and Statistics

Statistical computing and data visualisation — dominant in academia and research

Active listings

7-day trend

-5

How rankings are calculated

Active job listings

Each language is matched against skills extracted from real job listings scraped daily. Only currently active listings are counted — expired roles are excluded.

7-day trend

The trend shows the change in active listings over the past seven days — the latest daily snapshot against the one from roughly a week earlier. A positive number means demand grew; negative means it fell.

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Skill Spotlights

Deep dives on individual skills

Based on active job listings across data, backend, AI and web categories · Updated weekly